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Od Consultant free essay sample

What is the job of an OD specialist as a change head? What are the center skills of an OD proficient? A change head is the individual who is assigned to direct change inside an association (Brown, 2011). The change chief is generally an outer or inward expert. The outer professional is brought from outside the association as advisor who is an OD pro. An inside specialist is an individual chosen from inside the association. It is reliant upon the association which kind of professional is expected to achieve the change that is required inside the association. The job of an OD expert as a change chief is to start, invigorate, or encourage a change program, which starts with the intercession of the OD specialist with the utilization of a few purposes of passage into an association (Brown, 2011). The objective passage into the association by the OD advisor is to be successful, which places accentuation on objective achievement; and the other objective is confidence, which places accentuation on the connections and members fulfillment during change (Brown, 2011). We will compose a custom paper test on Od Consultant or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The center abilities of an OD proficient are: 1. Relational abilities (Kahnweiler, 2006) 2. Analytic capacity (Kahnweiler, 2006) 3. Information on OD (Cote, 2004) 4. Hypothesis and practice in OD (Cote, 2004) 5. Structure and mediation aptitudes (Cote, 2004) 6. Impacting aptitudes (Cote, 2004) 7. Mindfulness (Cote, 2004) 8. Qualities and morals (Cote, 2004) References Cote, S. (2004). Does formal OD preparing matter in deciding OD capability? An investigation of OD ability in the government open assistance of Canada. Association Development Journal, 22(4), 31-42. Kahnweiler, W. M. (2006). The improvement of OD professions: A starter system for sanctioning what we lecture. Association Development Journal, 24(1), 10-21.

Depressive Disorders in Children Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping

Depressive Disorders in Children Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping Depression Childhood Depression Print An Overview of Depressive Disorders in Children By Lauren DiMaria linkedin Lauren DiMaria is a member of the Society of Clinical Research Associates and childhood psychology expert. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren DiMaria Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 05, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids mrs / Moment / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand Types Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Coping View All While there are many types of depressive disorders, the most common types in children are major depressive disorder (MDD), persistent depressive disorder (PDD), and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). Depressive episodes are also a key feature of bipolar disorder in children. The good news is  that depressive disorders in children are treatable. If you recognize the signs and symptoms in your child, a mental health professional can work with you and your family to find the right treatment plan to reduce symptoms and increase your childs quality of life. Types of Depressive Disorders Here is a look at the different types of depressive disorders in children, along with the symptoms, causes, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and coping tips. Major Depressive Disorder Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe condition in which a child experiences episodes of depression. The episodes typically last seven to nine months. According to The  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), symptoms of childhood depression can include: Academic declineWithdrawal from friends and familyThoughts or actions of self-harmLoss of interest in things of past enjoymentProblems with sleepAppetite and/or weight changesFeelings of guilt or being misunderstoodClinging to a parentUnexplained crying Additionally, children with MDD may exhibit symptoms of anxiety, like shyness, fear, and unexplained physical complaints. Approximately 2% to 3% of children under age 10 meet the criteria for MDD, but between the ages of 10 and 14, the rate increases to 5% to 8% for children overall. Approximately twice as many girls will experience depression as boys by age 15. Prior to puberty, boys have a higher rate of depression than girls. Recovery rates for MDD are high for children who receive treatment. However, so are recurrent episodes of depression. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) suggests early identification and treatment of depression in children, given the short- and long-term consequences, such as poor self-esteem, substance misuse, risk-taking, poor academic performance, poor social development, and risk of suicide. Persistent Depressive Disorder Persistent depressive disorder (PDD), formerly known as dysthymia or dysthymic disorder, is a chronic but milder mood disorder than MDD. For adults, symptoms of depression must be experienced more often than not for at least two years to be diagnosed with PDD. For children, the requirement is lowered to one year. Children with PDD are more functional than children with MDD. Despite their symptoms, children with PDD can usually attend school and participate in activities that some children with MDD may not be able to. Children with PDD may have lived with depression for so long that they believe their depressed state is normal. Parents or others close to the child may just think that they have a shy or introverted personality rather than a depressive disorder. Symptoms of PDD in children are similar to symptoms of MDD but less severe. The rate of PDD in children is 3%. According to a study published in the Journal of Psychiatric Research in 2008, 75% of those children go on to experience MDD.?? The combination of MDD and PDD is considered double depression. Recovery rates for PDD are high in children, especially with appropriate treatment. Again, so are relapses. The same 2008 study found that relapse rates for PDD were approximately 70% over 10 years in children.?? Additionally, it was reported that the longer a child lives with PDD, the more likely they are to experience MDD. Understanding PDD in Children Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Added to the DSM-5, for children up to 18 years of age, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a condition characterized by extreme anger and irritability and frequent, intense temper outbursts. This pattern of behavior is beyond a child who is moody or who throws temper tantrums. Instead, children display a pattern of abnormal, episodic, and frequently violent and uncontrollable social behavior without provocation. Symptoms of DMDD include irritable or angry mood most of the day (nearly every day), severe temper outbursts (three or more times per week), and trouble functioning due to irritability at home, school, or with peers. To be diagnosed, a child must exhibit these symptoms steadily for 12 or more months. The onset for DMDD is typically age 10, and children under 6 or over 18 cant be diagnosed with it. Since DMDD is a relatively new diagnosis, treatment is based on what has been proven to work to alleviate symptoms of MDD as well as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorders, and oppositional defiant disorder. An Overview of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Bipolar Disorder Depression can occur as part of bipolar disorder. This is a condition in which the child experiences manic or hypomanic as well as depressive episodes. There is some controversy over the diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children because it is often misdiagnosed. The onset for bipolar disorder is typically late adolescence or early adulthood but can occur in young children. Symptoms of bipolar disorder in young children are different than in adults: Children before age 9 may show irritability and psychomotor agitation, increased or repetitive movements, paranoia, and psychotic symptoms. After the age of 9, the symptoms are similar to adults with bipolar disorder: elation or overly excited state; risk-taking; ability to function on little or no sleep; racing thoughts; fast or loud talking; disorganization; and exaggerated sense of abilities or accomplishments. Bipolar disorder occurs in 1% to 3% of adolescents and rates have increased forty-fold in the last decade, according to the NIMH. Treatment is always needed for children with bipolar disorder given its serious consequences, like poor academic performance, disturbed personal relationships, substance misuse, and suicide. Medication can be helpful in stabilizing a childs mood, but the disorder is often a lifetime disorder. Overview of Bipolar Disorder in Children Symptoms There are various types of depressive disorders, and each can have a different impact on a childs life. In general, however, depressive disorders can cause sadness and irritability and make it difficult for children to keep up with daily tasks and demands of life and result in poor school performance, withdrawal from friends and family, and risky or delinquent acts. Depression often looks different in children compared to adults. How Teenage Depression Differs From Adult Depression Causes No one knows the exact causes of depressive disorders in children, but a variety of factors seem to contribute, including genetics and chemical imbalances in the brain. Past trauma, sexual abuse, poor childhood relationships with parents, and a history of a personality disorder can also trigger depression, especially if theres a family history. Diagnosis If you think your child may have a depressive disorder (or any other mental health issue), schedule an appointment with your childs pediatrician. The physician may run several blood tests to rule out any health conditions (such as infectious mononucleosis, thyroid disorders, drug use, etc.) that can cause or mimic symptoms of depression and refer you to a mental health treatment provider for a complete evaluation. There isn’t a lab test that diagnosis depressive disorders. During your visit, its important to offer as much information as you can about your childs mental health background and current symptoms, including mood, sleep patterns, energy levels, and behavior. This will allow the doctor to make an informed diagnosis. Treatment Treatment for a depressive disorder may require adjustments over time and involve a combination of psychotherapy, medication, and lifestyle changes. Psychotherapy (Talk Therapy) A therapist may educate your child about their particular depressive disorder and may offer coping strategies to help manage the symptoms.  Therapy  often includes family members in order to address relationship issues, behavior management problems, and strategies to help the entire family cope. Treatment that involves the child, family, doctor, and school often works best, so its important to attend your childs therapy appointments, ask questions, and communicate with their school and other treatment providers. Your therapist or psychiatrist may even ask you to log your childs progress to determine whats working and whats not. If your child is a safety risk (thoughts of suicide, a suicide attempt, self-harm, hallucinations, self-injury), a stay in a psychiatric hospital may be required. Medication A psychiatrist may prescribe  a stimulant, antidepressant, or atypical antipsychotic medication to stabilize your childs mood. Finding the right medication and the right dosage may take some time as there isn’t a single medication that works best for everyone. It’s important to monitor your child’s medication and be on the lookout for side effects. Make sure to call your doctor immediately if your child is exhibiting suicidal ideation or suicidal behavior while taking an antidepressant. All antidepressants carry an FDA black-box warning of an increased risk in suicidal thinking for those under age 25, particularly in the first few weeks of starting treatment. Benefits of Antidepressants Can Outweigh the Risks Lifestyle Changes Helping your child to make nutrition, regular exercise, proper sleep, and stress management part of their everyday lives can also help alleviate some of the symptoms of depressive disorders. Its also important for you to set a good example by making these healthy lifestyle habits part of your daily living, too. How Depression in Children Is Treated Coping Depressive disorders impact the entire family, so it’s important for the parents, caregivers, and siblings to learn as much as they can about depressive disorders. This will ensure that everyone knows what to expect and what warning signs to watch for. Work closely with your childs mental health professional and be sure to ask questions and stay up-to-date on the latest treatment options. At some point, your child may resist medication or therapy, and its important to validate their feelings and talk about why following the doctors recommendations and sticking to their individualized treatment plan will increase their chances of feeling better. Taking time to take care of yourself will also help you better cope. Raising a child with a depressive disorder is stressful and challenging and youll need emotional support and practical advice along the way. Consider joining a support group for parents with children with mental illness. A Word From Verywell If you notice symptoms of a depressive disorder in your child, be willing to talk about it with your child and do your best to remain supportive and non-judgemental. While it can be terrifying to hear that your child has a depressive diorder, it is not a life sentence. Early interventions can help kids get back on track before symptoms take a serious toll on their life and ability to function. How to Spot Depression in a Child

Essay on Natural Symbolism in A Farewell to Arms - 1723 Words

Natural Symbolism in A Farewell to Arms As with many other authors of fictional novels, Ernest Hemingway was often noted for his use of symbolism in his numerous pieces of literature. Natural symbolism plays a significant role in Hemingway’s novel, A Farewell to Arms. This novel uses aspects of nature to structure the plot and provide symbols that replace human emotions. Nature serves as a source of symbols which replace human sentiment or feelings, making the situation seem somewhat less serious. For example, when characters die, there is no mention of pain or suffering, rather it is simply stated that it is raining, or it is autumn. Substituting emotions with symbols of nature allows Hemingway to describe to†¦show more content†¦Almost immediately upon telling him this news, the rains begin and the dry portion of the story has come to an end. ‘It turned cold that night and the next day it was raining.’ (Hemingway 142) This statement thus serves as the separation of the two segments of the novel, the ‘good’ and the ‘bad’, just the same as the first chapter is divided into summer and fall. This separation of the seasons sets up the transition in the plot from good to bad: good being represented by the dry season, bad by the wet season. Therefore, the opening scene which is described as being ‘dry and white’ (Hemingway 3) changes drastically by the end of the story, where the river has turned into a raging torrent. This contrast of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ is also displayed by the events which occur on hard versus soft surfaces. For example, the first military operation is rapidly paced, with the wounded being rushed away in ambulances, and everything from the roads to the operating tables are described as being ‘hard.’ This is the opposite of the second military action, a defeat, that occurs on wet roads, with vehicles becoming submerged in the mud, and where rivers have to be crossed instead of river beds. Therefore, it is proven that the dry, first half of the novel is a more productive, successful version of the wet, sickl y world which proceeds it. The dry world within this book is the successful part, where Henry wins Catherine and the Italian army wins a number ofShow MoreRelated The Forgotten Female in the Works of Ernest Hemingway Essay3143 Words   |  13 Pagesassume is that of donning a masculine persona, especially when reading serious literature (2). In Melvilles work, she says that female characters are almost always described through the device of a male narrator (3). And of the feminine symbolism in Melvilles works, she ponders why certain symbols are identified as feminine in the first place (3).    She sees recurrent elements in Twains treatment of women (5) as well, including their overdependence on language. WomenRead Morethatcher4803 Words   |  20 Pagesphrase â€Å"my chevalier†Ã¢â‚¬â€a traditional Medieval image of Christ as a knight on horseback, to which the poem’s subtitle (or dedication) gives the reader a clue. The transition between octave and sestet comes with the statement in lines 9-11 that the natural (â€Å"brute†) beauty of the bird in flight is but a spark in comparison with the glory of Christ, whose grandeur and spiritual power are â€Å"a billion times told lovelier, more dangerous.† The first sentence of the sestet can read as either descriptive orRead MoreBrief Survey of American Literature3339 Words   |  14 Pagesreason, order, elegant wit - rationalism of enlightenment in 18th-cent. 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(This technique is often incorrectly called personification.)The King and Queen of Hearts and their playing-card courtiers comprise only one example of Carroll’s extensive use of anthropomorphismRead MoreCat in the Rain - Woman the Inequality3717 Words   |  15 Pagesthe inequality of rights of women? â€Æ' II. BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH A. METHOD OF STUDY In this research paper, the main method of study used is library research with the textbook of this subject, the sources from the internet include comments, essays, analyze and the quotations. B. LITERATURE REVIEW Darren Felty mentioned in â€Å"Spatial Confinement in Hemingway’s ‘Cat in the Rain’ † (1997; page 363-369) that: â€Å"Many details in Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Cat in the Rain† suggest the isolation and oppressionRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 PagesP age |1 Top 30 Examples to Use as SAT Essay Evidence An exclusive special report from eSATPrepTips.com By Christian Heath P age |2 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 4 Adventurers and Explorers: Amelia Earhart (Female Aviation Pioneer) ................................................................................................ 5 ChristopherRead MoreThe Disillusionment of American Dream in Great Gatsby and Tender Is the Night19485 Words   |  78 Pagesa set of manners Fitzgerald always connected with the pre-Civil War South: â€Å"nothing could be superior to ‘good instincts’, honor, courtesy, and courage.†(Night, p237) These were the older American values of Dick’s childhood that have made him â€Å"a natural idealist† and â€Å"a spoiled priest†3. 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Chapter 1 reviews and reï ¬ nes Webers theory of charisma and routinization, usingRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesThe basic assumptions of symbolic interactionism Strengths and weaknesses of the symbolic interactionist understanding of organizations Phenomenology reaches the emotions Ethnomethodology: understanding organizational ‘common sense’ Organizational symbolism The ways in which individuals develop a sense of self in organizations 282 282 284 286 287 288 288 293 294 298 300 301 . Contents xi The self as dramatic artful creation Negotiating the way between the self and the organization’sRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesprobable good consequences of each action and the probable bad consequences while weighing the positive and negative impact of each consequence. It’s a kind of cost-benefit analysis. Exercises 1. Columbus Day is an American holiday. 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Thesis Proposal Rh Law in the Philippines - 2075 Words

Reproductive Health Law: Knowledge and Adaptability among Residents of a Selected Barangay Chapter I Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study Introduction of the Study On August 16, 1999, the first version of what is known as the Reproductive Health Bill is filed in the 11th Congress as House Bill 8110. Nothing came out of House Bill 8110. In the succeeding 12th Congress, Rep Bellaflor Angara filed a similar bill. House Bill 4110 was the first bill to be called the Reproductive Health Bill. The bill was refiled and refiled until it made progress in the 14th Congress. It reached the stage in the legislative process where the entire House could debate it in plenary. The national debate, the war, began. Lagman, Iloilo Rep Janette†¦show more content†¦It also provides a free access to the contraceptives and would help reduce an alarming number of maternal mortality and morbidity rate and slow spread of AIDS (Inquirer News, 2012). This law prioritizes poor households identified by the National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction (NHT-PR) and other government measures of identifying marginalization, who sha ll be voluntary beneficiaries of reproductive health care, services and supplies for free. (RA 10354, Section 2) Many Filipino women have faced difficulties and sometimes death because of the absence of a comprehensive and consistent reproductive health policy. This law can change that, said Carlos Conde, Asia researcher at New York-based Human Rights Watch 2012. Studies reported that most college students of the year 2003 lacked basic knowledge on reproductive health. Almost half of the students don’t have any idea about the right time for abortions while one sixth had the knowledge. One third had incorrect knowledge; this was an indication of high rates for unwanted pregnancy. (Zhou, Ye, Gu, Zeng, and Wang 2012) Chapter II Review of Related Literature RH Law The RH Law is composed of 30 sections. Section(1)Title, (2)Declaration of Policy, (3)Guiding Principles for Implementation,(4)Definition of Terms, (5)Hiring of Skilled Health Professionals for Maternal Health Care andShow MoreRelatedLegalization of Same Sex Marriage9779 Words   |  40 PagesTHE LEGALIZATION OF SAME SEX MARRIAGE AS ASSESED BY CITHM STUDENTS S.Y. 2011-2012 A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the College of International Tourism And Hospitality Management LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Tourism By Ang, Dianne Marie M. Bayot, Donalynne B. October 2011 CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION    In our generation today, homosexuals

The “hongs” or Trade Houses of Hong Kong Free Essays

Hong Kong, the pearl of Asia has been the center of trade and finance in Asia since the early 20th century. In a short history of about 150 years, Hong Kong has become the source of growth for many nearby economies. In a certain sense, it can be even said that it is a merchant city founded and managed by Traditional â€Å"hongs† or trade houses of Hong Kong were the pillar of the economy. We will write a custom essay sample on The â€Å"hongs† or Trade Houses of Hong Kong or any similar topic only for you Order Now Jardine Matheson and Hutchison were major hongs that led the economy and the Hong Kong Shanghi Bank were the financier of these hongs and has today grown to become one of the largest bank in the world. These firms were the critical factors of the growth for Hong Kong’s economy. Their role however has changed overtime. They are no longer the de facto leaders of Hong Kong as they were in the mid 1800’s. Their role has diminished as Hong Kong grew to become more international, and the 1997 handover to the People’s Republic of China has further altered their position. Some hongs that adapted well to the changing times prospered while others either The territory of Hong Kong is located at the mouth of the Pearl River, a little southwest of the Guangdong Province of the PRC. Hong Kong was ceded to the British after the Opium War in 1842. Many believe that the British hongs were behind lobbying the British government into fighting the Chinese Government and the settlement of the island. Kowloon was annexed in 1860, and the New territories were leased for 99 years in 1898. In 1984, the British and the PRC government agreed that Hong Kong as a whole would return to Chinese soverienty in 1997. However, a system of one country two systems were also agreed upon where Hong Kong would retain its status as a free port, with it’s laws remaining unchanged for 50 years. It’s main mphasis is to preserve Hong Kong’s laws and economic freedom, thus to enhance the position of Hong Kong as a economic center. The Large British owned hongs were originally trade and warehouse companies established by the British in the early days of Hong Kong colonialism, they have since grown in to major commerical conglomerates. They hold interest in cargo handling, manufacturing, real estate, and even retailing. They are the engine of the Hong Kong economy. Since Britain took over the port city in 1842 to use as a gateway to the Chinese markets, the business of Hong Kong had been business, and the power was eld by the hongs. The first traditional hong was the Jardine Matheson. It was once seen to be more influential than the colonial government but nowadays it has become a minor player compared to Li Ka Shing’s Hutchision Whampoa. Li Ka Shing, the Chairman or â€Å"Taipan† of Hutchision Whampoa, became the first Chinese to own a traditional hong. Li’s drive and business ability helped foster Hutchision into a global conglomerate. Hong Kong Bank grew from a small trader’s bank into one of the Jardine, Matheson Co. was founded by 2 Scottish merchants, William Jardine and James Matheson in Guangdong in 1832. It was an opium trader that were the pioneers into the China trade. Eventually James Matheson takes control from 1836. It played a key role in the founding of Hong Kong and became the first to purchase land from the colonial government in 1842. Jardine expanded into other trade products in other Asian countries like Japan and South East Asian countries and also enters the ship/cargo handling industry and the real estate business. After World War II, Jardine moved their head office from Shanghi back to Hong Kong and it offically goes public in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 1961. The 1970’s saw Jardine orming many ventures and aquisitions such as the joint venture with the Robert Fleming of UK to create the Jardine Fleming Co. , a holding company the aquires many foreign and local firms and diversifies Jardine’s business. The mid- 1980’s saw some mismanagments and misguided aquisition especially after the 1984 Sino-British announcement on the return of Hong Kong. Jardine wanted to diversify more abroad in fear of the Chinese takeover because their relations with the PRC was not good. It aquired the British construction giant Trafalgar House and ther various retail chains in Europe o that Jardine could emphasize more in Europe, but these investments would turnout to be disappointing in the future. The current taipan, or CEO is Alasdair Morrison. He has tried to undo many past mistakes and to rejuvenate the 160 year old hong. Morrison has sold off many losing companies and has a greater emphasis on profitability. The management has been changed to more aggresive and experienced managers such as Ronald J. Floto who previously worked as Kmart Corp. and is known for his turn-around ability. But most importantly, Morrsion has been trying to improve ties with Beijing. He realises that the China market as an indespenable location and has tried repeatly to mend the differences made by the previous Today, the Jardine Matheson group is a multinational enterprise that operates in over 30 countries and employs some 160,000 people. It is divided into eight core companies : Jardine Pacific(general trading), Jardine International Motors(Car dealership), Jardine Fleming, Jardine Lloyd Thompsion(Insurance), Jardine Strategic, Dairy Farm(supermarket and convenience stores), Hong Kong Land(Commerical property), and the Mandarin Oriental(luxury hotel chain) . Last year’s sales were US$11. 2 billion and a operating profit of US$190 million was made. The profits fell 34% from last year, and share prices have fallen almost 60% since it moved its primary listing from Hong Kong to Singapore. The main problem with Jardine is that it needs to use its large cash resources to boost market shares in existing profitable businesses and make aquistions in core business while assests in Asia are still cheap from the Asian crisis. It also needs to refocus on Asia, because it is where it’s main expertise and connections are, but the controlling family, the Keswicks with nly a 4. 9% share are reluctant to invest heavily back to Asia and especially China. The Keswicks have held control through cross ownership to build a financial defense against hostile takeovers. Li Ka Shing has tried but failed to take over Jardines in 1988 but many still believe that Li has not given up but is rather waiting for an opportunity. Although the current taipan, Morrison is trying to shape up Jardine again, many are doubtful as long as the Keswicks still retain the controlling shares. Jardine Matheson has had a astonishing past, but many fear that the golden days of the past John D. Hutchison Company was founded in 1828. Being one of the first major traditional hongs in Hong Kong, it had made vast investments in port facilities and other infrastructure projects in the colony. In the 1960’s, in an effort to revitalize the hong, John Douglas Clague, the last British CEO of Hutchision made huge investments in not only in Hong Kong but It reoragnized itself to the Hutchision International and up til the early 1970’s, many believed that Hutchision would indeed make a comeback as a dominant firm in the colony. However, losses started to occur from 1973, and being overstretched and hort in liquidity it lost the favors from its investors and creditors(most importantly the Hong Kong Shanghi Bank). Eventually the Hong Kong Bank would step in to take up 33% of Hutchision International and within 2 years merge with a subsidary, the Whampoa Dock Company and create the Hutchision Whampoa. Hong Kong Bank was looking for a suitable investor to take over the pre-opium war hong and eventually they chose a rising real estate tycoon, Li Ka Shing. There are many reasons that Hong Kong Bank chose Li Ka Shing, but two reasons stand out the most, His reputation as a honest nd able businessman and his contacts with the government in Today, Hutchison Whampoa has grown into one of Hong Kong’s largest blue chip companies with over 70,000 employees worldwide. The Group operates five core businesses : Property Development and Investment, Ports and related services, Retailing and manufacturing, Telecomminications and Media, and Hutchison Whampoa Property develops residential and commerical properties for sale and lease. Its portfolio includes some of Hong Kong’s largest private housing projects and several landmark developments in the Mainland. The group’s expertise in port investment and management stems form its pioneering operations in Hong Kong. Its port operations arm, Hutchison International Port Holdings, is now exporting its professional experience and expertise to ports in different Watsons operates three of Asia’s most innovative retail chains:Park’N Shop supermarkets, Watson’s personal care stores, and Fortress, selling domestic electrical appliances. The manufacturing division produces and distributes a wide range of food and beverages throughput Hong Kong, the mainland and other Hutchison Telecom operates a wide range of intregrated elecommunications services worldwide and is one of the world’s major providers of mobile communications The Group has major shareholding in Cheung Kong Infrastructure, which holds interests in infrastructure and related businesses, and power plant projects such as the Hong Kong Electric. It is the sole supplier of electricity to Hong Kong Island. Husky Oil, is one of Canada’s largest privately owned oil and gas For the fiscal year ending in December 31 1998, The Hutchison Whampoa Group had a net profit after tax of HK$8. 7 billion. It was lower than HK$12. 2 billion from 1997. The Asian crisis which rought on pressures on the entire Asian region. It experienced a period of unprecedented asset and price deflation coupled with severe recessionary conditions. These conditions had the hardest impact on the Property/Development and Retail/manufacturing operations of the group in 1998. Li Ka Shing’s another main weapon in Asian business is his strong ties to the Chinese Government. He has been favored since being the first Chinese to take over a western hong in the late 1970’s. He also played a large role in the transition period for the `97 handover of Hong Kong. Currently he has a trong influence in the policies that effect Hong Kong both through his contacts with Beijing and the Chief executive, Tung Headquartered in London, HSBC holdings is one of the world’s largest banking and financial services organizations. The HSBC Group’s international network comprises more than 5,000 offices The HSBC Group is named after its founding member, The Hong Kong and Shanghi Banking Coporation limited. Hong Kong Bank, as it is known for short, was established in 1865 to finance the growing trade between China and Europe. The inspiration behind the founding of the bank was Thomas Sutherland, a Scot who was then working as the Hong Kong Superintendent of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company. He realised that there was considerable demand for local banking facilities in Hong Kong and the China coast and he helped to establish the bank in March 1865. Then, as now, the bank’s headquarters were at 1 Queen’s Road in Hong Kong and a branch was opened in April 1865 in Shanghai. Throughout the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century, the bank established a network of agencies and branches based mainly in China and South East Asia but also with epresentation in the Indian sub-continent, Japan, Europe and North America. In many of its branches the bank was the pioneer of modern banking practice. From the outset, trade finance was a strong feature of the bank’s business with bullion, exchange and merchant banking also playing an important part. Additionally, the bank also issued notes in many locations throughout the Far During the Second World War the bank was forced to close many of its branches and the head office was temporarily moved to London. However, after the war the bank played a key role in the reconstruction of the Hong Kong economy and set about further iversifying the geographical spread of the bank. The post-war political and economic changes in the world forced HongkongBank to analyse its strategy for continued growth in the 1950s. The bank diversified both its business and its geographical spread through acquisitions and alliances. However, the bank remained committed to its historical markets and played an important part in the reconstruction of Hong Kong where its branch network continued to expand. In 1965 the bank purchased a controlling interest in Hang Seng Bank, which had been established in Hong Kong in 1933. By the 970s the policy of expansion by acquisition of subsidiaries with their own identities and specialisations was firmly in During the 1980s the bank concentrated on moving into those markets where it was not yet fully represented. Hongkong Bank of Canada was established in 1981 and HongkongBank of Australia Limited in 1986. In 1987 Marine Midland Bank, based in New York State, became a wholly owned member of the Group and its principal subsidiary in the United States. HSBC Holdings plc, the parent company of the HSBC Group, was established in 1991 with its shares quoted on both the London and Hong Kong stock Already almost two years have passed since the handover Hong Kong to the PRC. It is hard to judge the impact of the handover to the Hong Kong economy, due to the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997. What is definite however is that Hong Kong has suffered a difficult 1998 and is still in the process of recovering. The good news is that the fallen prices of 1997 got rid of a lot of the bubbles that was being accumulated in the territory. Large landowners like Li may have had some losses but 1999 saw the economic prices and activities picking up again. Many say that the worst is over and that recover is in process. Already land prices have recovered a lot of its losses during the 1997-8 The problem in the territory is more a political one. Many incidents have brought attention to the problem of implementing the â€Å"one country, two system† policy, which is fundamental in the Hong Kong Basic Law and which will guarntee the independent governing of Hong Kong. The main attraction that has made Hong Kong what it is today is it’s efficiency and lassie faire approach of the government. If the mainland interferes too much in Hong Kong, it status will decline as the international free port city that has made it so prosperous. How to cite The â€Å"hongs† or Trade Houses of Hong Kong, Essay examples

Networks free essay sample

The Latest Development in Networks and Communication 1. 0 Introduction| The purpose of a computer communications network is to allow moving information from onepoint to another inside the network. The information could be stored on a device, such as apersonal computer in the network, it could be generated live outside the network, such as speech,or could be generated by a process on another piece of information, such as automatic salestransactions at the end of a business day. The device does not necessarily have to be a computer;it could be a hard disk, a camera or even a printer on the network. Due to a large variety ofinformation to be moved, and due to the fact that each type of information has its own conditionsfor intelligibility, the computer network has evolved into a highly complex system. Specializedknowledge from many areas of science and engineering goes into the design of networks. It ispractically impossible for a single area of science or engineering to be entirely responsible forthe design of all the components. We will write a custom essay sample on Networks or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Therefore, a study of computer networks branches into manyareas as we go up from fundamentals to the advanced levels. | 2. 0 Mobile Computing| 2. 1 Definition| Using a computing device while in transit. Mobile computing implies wireless transmission, butwireless transmission does not necessarily imply mobile computing. Fixed wireless applications use satellites, radio systems and lasers to transmit between permanent objects such as buildings and towers. | 2. 2 Specification,service, and frequencies of Mobile Computing